A HISTÓRIA DO HALLOWEEN E SEUS DETALHES

A Data de 31 de Outubro é mundialmente conhecida como "O dia das Bruxas ou Halloween", que é uma festa típica que acontece nos países anglo-saxônicos, com especial relevância nos Estados Unidos.Mas de onde surgiu esse misterioso e sinistro costume?" O Dia das Bruxas é um evento tradicional e cultural, que ocorre nos países anglo-saxônicos, com especial relevância nos Estados Unidos, Canadá, Irlanda e Reino Unido, tendo como base e origem as celebrações dos antigos povos, sendo que não existe ...

não falamos bem...

http://www.ef.com.br/epi/

Have you ever heard of hot desking? What is this??

HOT DESKING/hɒt ˈdɛskɪŋ/

This term dates from the early nineties. It’s one of a set of words invented to describe...

Reflex yourself

Reflexive and Ergative verbs

Reflexive verbs

1 The reflexive pronouns (see pronouns) are:

Singular:	myself; yourself; himself; herself; itself
Plural:	ourselves; yourselves; themselves

We use a reflexive pronoun after a transitive verb when the direct object is the same as the subject of the verb:

I am teaching myself to play the piano.
Be careful with that knife. You might cut yourself.

Behind the scenes at a McDonald's photo shoot

Guys check out the pronunciation of about in Candian English...

David Guetta Ft. Sia - Titanium - Legendado - Tradução | HD

Can you write the lyrics in English???

Try it !! your perception of the language will improve...

Plural Rules!

Hey folks,
Sometimes English learners, from pretty much any level, show difficulties on using correctly the plural while speaking.

Subject-Verb agreement is a much more complex difficulty that  also appears in a wide range of  levels and  seems to have no regard what so ever to the Plural rules usage, but in fact,

Draw Something for Android!

I`ve been playing this game and it surely adds vocabulary  in a different level!!

You`ll never forget those words...

Have fun!

why is it so difficult to undestand spoken English while learning it?

We sometimes have difficulties to understand spoken English in real usage. The classroom scenario tends to be an approximation from reality, a simulation of a series of situations where the teacher strives to get the best from the student and naturally, in this process, ends up grading down/up his(her) language. The teachers out there will most certainly understand this dilema... Either one speaks down the natural level to "help" the learners getting the idea that has proven difficult to convey or even one tries to force an unnatural speech pace to push the learner into fast traking the learning process. One way or the other, the learner who normally isn't exposed to spoken English finds himself/herself in a learning environment where real and quality exposure to the languge is scarse. Here I put this topic up to discission. What are your biggest challenges as a teacher, as a learner?? Leave a comment and  let's share some ideas on this very relevant matter...

Trouble using commas in English?

Commas: Quick Rules

Summary: This resource offers a number of pages about comma use.

Contributors:Dana Driscoll, Allen Brizee
Last Edited: 2010-04-17 06:02:09

The comma is a valuable, useful punctuation device because it separates the structural elements of sentences into manageable segments. The rules provided here are those found in traditional handbooks; however, in certain rhetorical contexts and for specific purposes, these rules may be broken.

The following is a short guide to get you started using commas. This resource also includes sections with more detailed rules and examples.

Quick Guide to Commas

1. Use commas to separate independent clauses when they are joined by any of these seven coordinating conjunctions: and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet.

2. Use commas after

MEDLEY IN BRAZIL - ESPECIAL MAMONAS #1 - SWING SWING com @TheMansfield @...

THE STRUCTURE OF RELATIVE CLAUSES

A relative clause always immediately follows the noun it modifies. Like all clauses, relative clauses have a subject and a verb. The relative pronoun may be the subject of the clause, but it isn’t always.

                      (Main noun)       (Rel. Pro)I ate the ice cream that was in the freezer.
                                              (Subj)    (Verb)

                           (Main Noun)   (Rel. Pro)I didn’t eat the pie that you were saving for tonight.                                                          (Subj)        (Verb)

        A relative pronoun is usually the first...

To be+ Verb(ING) or not To be+ Verb(ING)? Was that your question?

Many verbs are used in continuous tenses. Here are some examples:

Present continuous - I'm jogging at the moment.

Past continuous - Jack was calling her when I arrived.

Future continuous - I will be traveling to London in one hour.

Present perfect continuous - I've been looking for you for 3 days.

Normally, the usages of the continuous tenses reflect

Accounting: GAAP (Part 1)

Financial Accounting Terms

From How To Keep Score in Business

Copyright © by Robert Follett

---

The biggest problem most people have with an unfamiliar area is the jargon. Professionals overwhelm the amateurs with confusing words and phrases. The following pages will give you practical definitions of over 100 important terms used in financial accounting. If you have some grasp of these words and phrases you will be able to deal more effectively with financial people and their reports.

Use this glossary when you need to interpret memos, bulletins, reports, articles, and presentations by accountants, financial analysts, bankers, and so on. If you have a good grasp of the jargon you will be amazed at how well you can hold your own in discussions. Knowing the accounting vocabulary is an important factor in management success.

Glossary

Account -- a record of financial transactions; usually ...

How familiar are you with Incoterms??

Definition of 'Incoterms'

Trade terms, published by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), that are commonly used in international contracts.

Investopedia explains 'Incoterms'

Incoterms are used to make international trade easier by helping traders in different countries understand one another. 

Trade terms used ...

Play English learning game - facebook.com/CambridgeESOL

Hey guys !!

Look what I found in my CELTA review on LinkedIn...

Cambridge ESOL launched a free Facebook game today to help learners improve their English – take a look: 

http://www.facebook.com/CambridgeESOL/app_101151

040013429

The Corporation Introduction - With English subtitles (USA) by GeoDIRECT

Having trouble using articles?? A/An or The??

This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue (http://owl.english.purdue.edu/). 

Contributors:Paul Lynch, Allen Brizee, Elizabeth Angeli.
Summary:

This handout discusses the differences between indefinite articles (a/an) and definite articles (the).

Using Articles

What is an article? Basically, an article is an adjective. Like adjectives, articles modify nouns.

English has two articles: the and a/an.

Develop your Teaching career!

Our self-study courses are written by Cambridge ESOL and Cambridge University Press. You’ll study online, and be able to discuss your work with Cambridge English Teacher colleagues from all over the world. You can take each course at a pace to suit you, with up to 6 months to finish. At the end of each course, you’ll get a formal certificate of completion.

Work out vocabulary

How's Your Fitness Vocabulary?

Not sure what the difference is between your hip flexor or your hamstring? We've simplified some common fitness terms and phrases.

Article By: WeightWatchers.com

Abdominal muscles or abs: A set of eight small muscles that is located below your chest. These muscles help you to bend forward and twist from side to side.

Lesson 6b - WORD STRESS - English Pronunciation

Export mode! OMG!!

Vice guide to travel Liberia - part 3

Vice guide to travel Liberia - part 2

Lesson 6a - WORD STRESS - English Pronunciation

Sons of Colonialism!!

The Vice Guide To Travel - Liberia - Part 1

ohh Americans...

Present Perfect Simple – Present Perfect Progressive

Form

Present Perfect Simple	Present Perfect Progressive
irregular verbs: form of 'have' + 3rd column of irregular verbs Example: I / you / we / they have spoken he / she / it has spoken regular verbs: form of 'have' + infinitive + ed Example: I / you / we / they have worked he / she / it has worked	form of 'have' + been + verb + ing Example: I / you / we / they have been speaking he / she / it has been speaking
Exceptions
Exceptions when adding 'ed' : when the final letter is e, only add d Example: love - loved after a short, stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled Example: admit - admitted final l is always doubled in British English (not in American English) Example: travel - travelled after a consonant, final y becomes i (but: not after a vowel) Example: worry - worried but: play - played	Exceptions when adding 'ing' : silent e is dropped. (but: does not apply for -ee) Example: come - coming aber: agree - agreeing after a short, stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled Example: sit - sitting after a vowel, the final consonant l is doubled in British English (but not in American English). Example: travel - travelling final ie becomes y. Example: lie - lying

See also explanations on Present Perfect Simple and Present Perfect Progressive

Use

Both tenses are used to express that an action began in the past and is still going on or has just finished. In many cases, both forms are correct, but there is often a difference in meaning: We use the Present Perfect Simple mainly to express that an action is completed or to emphasise the result. We use the Present Perfect Progressive to emphasise the duration or continuous course of an action.

Result or duration?

Do you want to express what has happened so far or how long an action has been going on yet?

Present Perfect Simple	Present Perfect Progressive
Result (what / how much / how often) I have written 5 letters. / I have been to London twice.	Duration (how long) I have been writing for an hour.

Certain verbs

The following verbs are usually only used in Present Perfect Simple (not in the progressive form).

• state: be, have (for possession only)
  Example: We have been on holiday for two weeks.
• senses: feel, hear, see, smell, taste, touch
  Example: He has touched the painting.
• brain work: believe, know, think, understand
  Example: I have known him for 3 years.

Emphasis on completion or duration?

Do you want to emphasise the completion of an action or its continuous course (how has somebody spent his time)?

Present Perfect Simple	Present Perfect Progressive
Emphasis on completion I have done my homework. (Meaning: My homework is completed now.)	Emphasis on duration I have been doing my homework. (Meaning: That's how I have spent my time. It does not matter whether the homework is completed now.)

Result or side effect?

Do you want to express that a completed action led to a desired result or that the action had an unwanted side effect?

Present Perfect Simple	Present Perfect Progressive
desired result I have washed the car. (Result: The car is clean now.)	unwanted side effect Why are you so wet? - I have been washing the car. (side effect: I became wet when I was washing the car. It does not matter whether the car is clean now.)

Time + negation: last time or beginning of an action?

In negative sentences: Do you want to express how much time has past since the last time the action took place or since the beginning of the action?

Present Perfect Simple	Present Perfect Progressive
since the last time I haven't played that game for years. (Meaning: It's years ago that I last played that game.)	since the beginning I haven't been playing that game for an hour, only for 10 minutes. (Meaning: It's not even an hour ago that I started to play that game.)

Permanent or temporary?

If an action is still going on and we want to express that it is a permanent situation, we would usually use the Present Perfect Simple. For temporary situations, we would prefer the Present Perfect Progressive. This is not a rule, however, only a tendency.

Present Perfect Simple	Present Perfect Progressive
permanent James has lived in this town for 10 years. (Meaning: He is a permanent resident of this town.)	temporary James has been living here for a year. (Meaning: This situation is only temporary. Maybe he is an exchange student and only here for one or two years.)

Signal words

Present Perfect Simple	Present Perfect Progressive
how often ... times	how long since for

Common problems

listen and hear

Many students use listen and hear interchangably. However, there is an important difference between them. Listening describes...

Short vowel sounds

English pronunciation Phonetic vowel sounds

Brasil-2014 World Cup Manual

A view on ESL teaching

EFL teaching requires some technical, theoretical and personal skills.

Technically speaking it is the instructor’s responsibility to have a strong sense of language suitability to several different scenarios and learner’s audiences. In addition, anchoring, concept-checking, drilling and eliciting properly are required techniques in this business.

Theoretically, it is mostly welcomed from the EFL teacher to have cultural background of both the English usage, way of thinking, language and intonation structures, as to the learner’s context in order to correctly apply the techniques here once mentioned.

The concepts offered by CELTA are essential to this matter, giving the variety of possible settings this job can offer worldwide.

The personal skills involved in EFL teaching are only merely desired by employers, due to the fact of its difficulties of being assessed. However, only by analyzing successful professional teachers it is easy to observe some of the most important personal skills patterns involved; Patience, high leveled empathy, motivation, and easy adaptation and response to human interaction.

In closing, EFL teaching is definitely an activity which requires some level of gift, allied to a great amount of research, hard work and specially a great deal of passion.

For that being, the passion of teaching fuels all adversities and pushes this class of professionals forward both in practical experience and theoretical knowledge.

What is English as a Foreign Language(EFL) for you?

Recently I've come  across an intriguing question..

   WHAT DOES EFL REPRESENT TO YOU?

Well first I have to admit that this was something I didn't want to answer by the time I read it, but then a sudden exasperation(http://www.thefreedictionary.com/exasperation)took over me!

This is what I do! This is what I so strongly try to convey to my students and what mostly make me feel alive professionally and very proud and happy by the choices I've taken.
Choices that led me here to this very moment, and here I am, lazy enough to the point of procrastinating my way into finding an answer...

Okay, okay...
I finally got serious about it and answered the inquiry.
The thing is..., I`ve being thinking about it ever since, and I would like to share my ideas with you, learners and teachers!

So guys, say :

WHAT DOES EFL REPRESENT TO YOU?


Soon enough I will post here my ideas, in the mean time ...

What are yours? Leave your comments below!

Last post from the series...

• PROBABLE ERRORS WITH VOWELS:

Another source of problems will be the back/high vowels.  The Portuguese /u/ falls right between English /U/ and/uw/.  As a result, perception and production of these phonemes will follow the single pattern of Portuguese /u/, neutralizing the contrast between words like:

full /fUl/ - fool /fuwl/
look /lUk/ - Luke /luwk/
pull /pUl/ - pool /puwl/  
stood /stUd/ - stewed /stuwd/

Make vs.Do

MAKE EXPRESSIONS

make an agreement - fazer um acordo
make an announcement (to) - fazer uma comunicação oficial
make an appointment (with) - marcar uma hora
make arrangements (for) - fazer preparos
make an attempt (to) - fazer uma tentativa
make it back - retornar ao ponto de partida
make the bed - fazer a cama
make believe - fazer de conta
make breakfast (dinner, a sandwich) - preparar o café da manhã (a janta, um sanduíche)
make a choice - fazer uma escolha
make a clean copy - passar a limpo
make it clear (to) - deixar claro
make a complaint (about) - apresentar queixa, reclamar

INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS

INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS

São os pronomes que indicam um elemento
dentro de um conjunto, mas que não se define.

Estes pronomes são usados em inglês para fazer perguntas abertas, ou seja, perguntas que não
podem ser respondidas com "sim" ou "não". São chamados dequestion words ou wh -words, uma vez que quase todos
começam por Wh.

1)What – (O quê, Qual (só se referea coisas inanimadas ou animais) .Refere-se a um número ilimitado de elementos).


Exemplos:What would you like to have?What did you do last night?What's the capital of Brazil?What kind of (Que tipo de)
Ex:What kind of  music do you like?